MiCA Regulation [Eurolex]

Art. 16 - Authorisation Art. 17 - Requirements for banks Art. 18 - Application for authorisation Art. 19 - Whitepaper Art. 20 - Assessment of application Art. 21 - Refusal of authorisation Art. 22 - Reporting on stablecoins Art. 23 - Restrictions on mass stablecoins Art. 24 - Withdrawal of the authorisation Art. 25 - Modification of whitepaper Art. 26 - Liability for whitepaper Art. 27 - Best interest Art. 28 - Whitepaper Art. 29 - Marketing Art. 30 - Ongoing information Art. 31 - Complaints-handling Art. 32 - Conflicts of interest Art. 33 - Changes of management Art. 34 - Governance arrangements Art. 35 - Own funds requirements Art. 36 - Reserve assets Art. 37 - Custody of reserve assets Art. 38 - Investment of the reserves Art. 39 - Right of redemption Art. 40 - Prohibition of granting interest Art. 41 - Acquisition of issuers: Assessment Art. 42 - Acquisitions of issuers: Content Art. 43 - Significant stablecoins Art. 44 - Voluntary significant stablecoins Art. 45 - Obligations for significant stablecoins Art. 46 - Recovery plan Art. 47 - Redemption plan
Art. 59 - Authorisation Art. 60 - Services by licensed entities Art. 61 - Reverse solicitation Art. 62 - Application for authorisation Art. 63 - Assessment of application Art. 64 - Withdrawal of authorisation Art. 65 - Cross-border services Art. 66 - Honest, fair, professional Art. 67 - Prudential requirements Art. 68 - Governance arrangements Art. 69 - Information to authorities Art. 70 - Custody Art. 71 - Complaints-handling procedures Art. 72 - Conflicts of interest Art. 73 - Outsourcing Art. 74 - Orderly wind-down Art. 75 - Custody and administration Art. 76 - Trading platforms Art. 77 - Exchange Art. 78 - Best execution Art. 79 - Placing of crypto-assets Art. 80 - Reception and transmission of orders Art. 81 - Advice and Portfolio Management Art. 82 - Transfers Art. 83 - Acquisitions: Assessment Art. 84 - Acquisitions: Content Art. 85 - Significant service providers
Art. 93 - Competent authorities Art. 94 - Powers of competent authorities Art. 95 - Cooperation Art. 96 - Cooperation EBA and ESMA Art. 97 - Classification of tokens Art. 98 - Other authorities Art. 99 - Duty of notification Art. 100 - Professional secrecy Art. 101 - Data protection Art. 102 - Precautionary measures Art. 103 - ESMA interventions Art. 104 - EBA interventions Art. 105 - Product intervention Art. 106 - Coordination with ESMA or EBA Art. 107 - Third-countries Art. 108 - Complaints-handling Art. 109 - ESMA register Art. 110 - Register of non-compliant firms Art. 111 - Administrative penalties Art. 112 - Supervisory powers Art. 113 - Right of appeal Art. 114 - Publication of decisions Art. 115 - Reporting of penalties Art. 116 - Reporting of infringements Art. 117 - Supervision: stablecoins Art. 118 - EBA crypto-asset committee Art. 119 - Colleges for issuers Art. 120 - Non-binding opinion of colleges Art. 121 - Legal privilege Art. 122 - Request for information Art. 123 - General investigative powers Art. 124 - On-site inspections Art. 125 - Exchange of information Art. 126 - Third countries: information Art. 127 - Third countries: disclosure Art. 128 - Other authorities Art. 129 - Professional secrecy Art. 130 - Supervisory measures EBA Art. 131 - Fines Art. 132 - Periodic penalty payments Art. 133 - Allocation of fines Art. 134 - Fines: procedural rules Art. 135 - Investigation: hearings Art. 136 - Review by the Court of Justice Art. 137 - Supervisory fees Art. 138 - EBA: delegation of tasks Art. 139 - Exercise of the delegation Art. 140 - Reports on MiCA Art. 141 - Report on market Art. 142 - Report on crypto-assets
Art. 143 - Transitional measures

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Article 45 - Obligations for significant stablecoins

(Official title: Specific additional obligations for issuers of significant asset-referenced tokens)

  1. Issuers of significant asset-referenced tokens shall adopt, implement and maintain a remuneration policy that promotes the sound and effective risk management of such issuers and that does not create incentives to relax risk standards.

  2. Issuers of significant asset-referenced tokens shall ensure that such tokens can be held in custody by different crypto-asset service providers authorised for providing custody and administration of crypto-assets on behalf of clients, including by crypto-asset service providers that do not belong to the same group, as defined in Article 2, point (11), of Directive 2013/34/EU, on a fair, reasonable and non-discriminatory basis.

  3. Issuers of significant asset-referenced tokens shall assess and monitor the liquidity needs to meet requests for redemption of asset-referenced tokens by their holders. For that purpose, issuers of significant asset-referenced tokens shall establish, maintain and implement a liquidity management policy and procedures. That policy and those procedures shall ensure that the reserve assets have a resilient liquidity profile that enables issuers of significant asset-referenced tokens to continue operating normally, including under scenarios of liquidity stress.

  4. Issuers of significant asset-referenced tokens shall, on a regular basis, conduct liquidity stress testing. Depending on the outcome of such tests, EBA may decide to strengthen the liquidity requirements referred to in paragraph 7, first subparagraph, point (b), of this Article and in Article 36(4). ◄

    Where issuers of significant asset-referenced tokens offer two or more asset-referenced tokens or provide crypto-asset services, those stress tests shall cover all of those activities in a comprehensive and holistic manner.

  5. The percentage referred to in Article 35(1), first subparagraph, point (b), shall be set at 3 % of the average amount of the reserve assets for issuers of significant asset-referenced tokens.

  6. Where several issuers offer the same significant asset-referenced token, paragraphs 1 to 5 shall apply to each issuer.

    Where an issuer offers two or more asset-referenced tokens in the Union and at least one of those asset-referenced tokens is classified as significant, paragraphs 1 to 5 shall apply to that issuer.

  7. EBA, in close cooperation with ESMA, shall develop draft regulatory technical standards specifying:

    (a) the minimum content of the governance arrangements on the remuneration policy referred to in paragraph 1;

    (b) the minimum contents of the liquidity management policy and procedures as set out in paragraph 3, and liquidity requirements, including by specifying the minimum amount of deposits in each official currency referenced, which cannot be lower than 60 % of the amount referenced in each official currency;

    (c) the procedure and timeframe for an issuer of a significant asset-referenced token to adjust the amount of its own funds as required by paragraph 5.

    In the case of credit institutions, EBA shall calibrate the technical standards taking into consideration any possible interactions between the regulatory requirements established by this Regulation and the regulatory requirements established by other Union legislative acts.

    EBA shall submit the draft regulatory technical standards referred to in the first subparagraph to the Commission by 30 June 2024.

    Power is delegated to the Commission to supplement this Regulation by adopting the regulatory technical standards referred to in the first subparagraph of this paragraph in accordance with Articles 10 to 14 of Regulation (EU) No 1093/2010.

  8. EBA, in close cooperation with ESMA and the ECB, shall issue guidelines in accordance with Article 16 of Regulation (EU) No 1093/2010 with a view to establishing the common reference parameters of the stress test scenarios to be included in the stress tests referred to in paragraph 4 of this Article. Those guidelines shall be updated periodically taking into account the latest market developments.

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